




Pain (musculoskeletal) - Vitamin D Vitamin D deficiency less 20 ng/ml 25 OH vitamin D by RIA. 30 ng/ml or greater is goal. [Mayo Clin Proc, 2003;78:1463-1470. 41133 (2004)] Summary Interview |
Pain (musculoskeletal) - Vitamin D2 Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) 50,000 IU P.O. twice per week with monthly followup. May prescribe dose for up to 6 months before vitamin D status normalizes as judged by the PTH. Doubling the recommended vitamin D intake to 800 or 1200 IU per day is not sufficient for people already low. [Mayo Clin Proc, 2003;78:1463-1470. 41133 (2004) Summary Interview |
Pain (Neuropthic) - omega-3 fatty acids - 47740 EPA ≥ 400 mg and DHA ≥200 mg per capsule, starting at 1-2 capsules per day titrating up to as high as 2 capsules for every 50 pounds of body weight in divided doses. Capsules may be frozen and taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal side-effects. [Clin J Pain, 2010;26(2):168-72. 47740 (3/2010)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pancreatitis (acute) - prebiotic - 45426 Prebiotic fiber at 15 grams of fructooligosaccharide per day fed through nasojejunal feeding tubes reduced length of hospital stay and infection rate in subjects with acute pancreatitis. [World J Gastroenterol, 2007;13(19): 2733-7. 45426 (5/2009)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pancreatitis (acute) - selenium - 22503 Selenium 1000 mcg (from sodium selenite) in 3 to 6 liters of intravenous fluids with carbohydrates and electrolytes (no calcium) on the first day; second day 500 mcg. Analgesics via enemas 3 times per day. Efficacy of treatment can be seen by the rapid lowering of malondialdehyde in the blood and the normalization of calcium values. After motility of the colon returns give orally; vitamin E 400 I.U., beta-carotene 15 mg, vitamin C 500 mg two times a day, methionine 400 mg, zinc 50 mg, magnesium 600 mg, vitamin B6 20 mg, selenium 200 mcg (selenomethionine), N-acetylcysteine 600 mg (3 200 mg tablets) and folic acid 500 mcg. [Med. Klin., 1995;90:Suppl. I:36-41. 22503 (1995)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pancreatitis (chronic) - antioxidant therapy - 31928 Antioxidant therapy using selenium, vitamins C and E, and glutathione inducers such as N-acetylcysteine have potential benefit. [Digestion 1998;59 (Suppl. 4):13-24. 31928 (1999)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pancreatitis (chronic) - antioxidants - 32819 Antioxidants - patients had significantly lower plasma concentrations of selenium, vitamin A, vitamin E, beta-carotene, xanthine, beta-cryptoxanthine and lycopene than control subjects and patients with recurrent acute pancreatitis. [Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:2135-2140. 32819 (1999)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pancreatitis (chronic) - antioxidants/oxidant stress - 22503 Antioxidants/oxidant stress low plasma concentrations of glutathione, selenium, vitamins C and E and methionine, and high concentrations of TBARS in all forms of pancreatitis. [Med. Klin., 1995;90:Suppl. I:36-41. 22503 (1995)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pancreatitis (chronic) - glutathione - 31928 Glutathione - low levels in pancreatitis. [Digestion 1998;59(Suppl. 4):13-24. 31928 (1999)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pancreatitis (chronic) - xenobiotic exposure - 31928 Xenobiotic exposure. [Digestion 1998;59(Suppl. 4):13-24. 31928 (1999)] Summary Interview PubMed |
| Inositol 6-12 gm/d of oral powder mixed in juice. [Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 1995;31:167-175. 23703 (1995)] Summary Interview |
Parkinson’s Disease - Glutathione Glutathione (reduced) 600 mg intravenously (I.V.) twice daily for 30 days resulted in 42% decline in disability. The improvement was seen after 3 weeks and particularly significant for rigidity and hypokinesia. Once GSH was stopped the therapeutic effect lasted for 2-4 months. [Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol & Biol Psychiat 1996;20:1159-1170. 34377 (2000)] Summary Interview |
Parkinson’s Disease - Glutathione - 2 Glutathione parenterally, usually intravenously. [J Applied Nutr, 1999;51(1):3-15. 34948 (2000)] Summary Interview |
Parkinson’s Disease - Glutathione - 3 Glutathione - significant decrease in the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) in substantia nigra. [Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol & Biol Psychiat 1996;20:1159-1170. 34377 (2000)] Summary Interview |
Parkinson’s Disease - Mitochondria Mitochondrial energy production deficit (acetyl-l-carnitine, CoQ10, phosphatidylserine, magnesium enhance mitochondrial ATP production). [J Applied Nutr, 1999;51(1):3-15. 34948 (2000)] Summary Interview |
Parkinson’s Disease - Pesticide Pesticide exposure. [J Applied Nutr, 1999;51(1):3-15. 34948 (2000)] Summary Interview |
Parkinson’s Disease - Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) drugs + rTMS (1 Hz, 0.6 T, 100 stimuli per day for 7 days using a round coil). rTMS was repeated at least twice each year for 3 years. [Brain Research Bulletin, 2004;64:259-263. 42403 (01/2005)] Summary Interview |
Pemphigus (bullous) - Nicotinamide Nicotinamide 500 mg t.i.d. with tetracycline 500 mg q.i.d.. [Arch Dermatol, June 1994;130:753-758. 20381 (1996)] Summary Interview |
Periodontitis /Periodontal Disease - erectile dysfunction - 50171 Vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (VED) can be affected by chronic periodontitis do to inflammatory cytokines released that can negatively affect endothelial dysfunction of the small vessels in the penis. Diets that are rich in protein, whole grains, fiber, vitamins, minerals and PUFAs have positive effects on periodontal health and can improve endothelial function and reduce vulnerability to VED. [J Periodonto, 2011 Dec;82(12):1665-9. 50171 (4/2013)] Interview PubMed |
Periodontitis/Periodontal Disease (see also gingivitis) - Exercise Exercise (regular) reduces risk. [Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Jun;83(6):1395-400. 44364/45034 (7/2006)] Summary Interview |
Periodontitis/Periodontal Disease (see also gingivitis) - LycoRed™ LycoRed™ (100% natural lycopene with added phytoene, phytofluene, carotene, phytosterols, vitamin E) 8 mg/d in four divided doses of 2 mg in soft gels before meals. [Oral Health Prev Dent, 2007; 5(4): 327-36. 46229 (6/2008)] Summary Interview |
Periodontitis/Periodontal Disease (see also gingivitis) - Melatonin Melatonin mouthwash, dental cream or oral cleanser. [J Periodontol, 2006; 77 (9):1533-1538. 44597 (1/2007)] Summary Interview |
Periodontitis/Periodontal Disease (see also gingivitis) - Oxidative stress Oxidative stress to local tissue caused by neutrophil response to bacteria and their metabolites. Antioxidants may be of benefit. [J Clin Pathol, Molec Pathol, 1996;49:M247-M255. 26290 (1997)] Summary Interview |
Periodontitis/Periodontal Disease (see also gingivitis) - Whole grains Whole grains - 3-4 servings per day (without consuming more calories) reduced periodontitis risk (1 serving of whole grain is 1 slice of whole grain bread or ¾ cup whole grain cereal). [Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Jun;83(6):1395-400. 44364/45034 (7/2006)] Summary Interview |
Periodontitis/Periodontal Disease - fruit, vegetable, juice plus - 50023 "Juice Plus +®" capsules containing powdered fruit and vegetable (FV) concentrates providing daily β-carotene 7.5 mg, vitamin E 46 mg, vitamin C 200 mg and folic acid 400 µg, and/or fruit, vegetable and berry (FVB) capsules, similar to the FV capsules, but also contain concentrates from blackberry, blueberry, black current, bilberry, elderberry, concord grape, raspberry, red currant, green tea, ginger root, artichoke leaf, grape seed extract, with additional arginine, carnitine and co-enzyme Q10 providing declared totals (per daily dose) β-carotene 7.5 mg, vitamin E 66 mg, vitamin C 222 mg and folic acid 640 µg, and both (FV & FVB) taken with food in 2-divided doses of 3 capsules morning and evening. [ J Clin Periodontol, 2012 Jan;39(1):62-72. 50023 (2/2012)] Interview PubMed |
Peripheral Vascular Disease - Arginine Arginine 3-6 gm/d (approximate dosage). [Amino Acids, 2000;18:199-206. 35909 (2000)] Summary |
Peripheral Vascular Disease - Carnitine Carnitine - Proprionyl-l-carnitine (PLC) 6 gms I.V. over 12 hours. [Eur Heart J, 2007; 28(5): 608-12. 45112 (6/2007)] Summary Interview |
Peripheral Vascular Disease - Carnitine - 2 Carnitine - Proprionyl-l-carnitine (PLC) 6 gms I.V. over 12 hours. [J Vasc Surg, 2006; 44(3): 525-30. 44615 (11/2006)] Summary Interview |
Peripheral Vascular Disease - Carnitine - 3 Carnitine - Proprionyl-l-carnitine (PLC) 2 gm/d x 8 days showed no increase in muscular and subcutaneous blood flow of the lower limbs. [Clinical Physiology, 1995;15:417-423. 24186 (1997)] Summary Interview |
Peripheral Vascular Disease - Tai Chi Tai Chi 5-10 min/d (30 min/d optimal). [Arch Phys Med Rehabil, September 2001;82:1176-1180. 38260 (2001)] Summary Interview |
Pernicious Anemia - Pernicious anemia Pernicious anemia is common in autoimmune thyroid disease. [Am J Med Sci; 2006; 332(3):119-22. 45530 (12/2007)] Summary Interview |
| Beneficial for aging patients. [Am J Occupat Therapy, Jan. 1996;50(1):47-51. 23982 (1997)] Summary Interview |
| LCPUFA (arachidonic acid 0.7% and docosahexaenoic acid 0.3% total fats) enriched formula for PKU supplied through the first twelve months of life maintained high DHA levels. [Dev Med Child Neurol, 2006 Mar;48(3):207-12. 44164/44666 (4/2006)] Summary Interview |
Physical Performance - interval training - 49462 Interval walking for 60 minutes, 5 days per week in type 2 diabetics, defined as alternating between 3 minutes of high speed walking and 3-minutes of low speed walking (high speed walking is the equivalent of the fastest speed you can possibly walk without breaking into a jog), showed statistically-significant improvements in body weight, abdominal visceral adiposity, VO2 peak, LDL-cholesterol, fasting insulin, and CGM glucose. The continuous walking group showed no improvement, but had no decline in the above parameters. The control group showed a decline in the above parameters. [Diabetes Care, 2012 Sept 21; [Epub ahead of print]. 49462 (2/20013)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Physical Performance - Walking Walking distance in elderly improved - amino acids mixture 12 gm/d (L -leucine 3.8, L- lysine 2, L -isoleucine 1.9, L-valine 1.9, L -threonine 1.1, L -cystine 0.4, L-histidine 0.4, L -phenylalanine 0.3, L -methionine 0.2, L -tyrosine 0.1 and L -tryptophan 0.1). [Gerontology, 2005 Sep-Oct;51(5):302-8. 42895/43681 (11/2005)] Summary Interview |
Phytoestrogens - Menopausal symptoms, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, cancer risk Phytoestrogens have been used for: menopausal symptoms; lower total and LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides and increase HDL cholesterol; reduce prostate, breast and colon cancer risk. [Med J Australia, August 4, 1997;167:119-120. 28055 (1997)] Summary Interview |
| More than 300 plants have been demonstrated to possess estrogenic activity. Phytoestrogens have a steroidal structure and their estrogenic activity is due to hydroxyl groups located on the cyclic rings, with the distance between the hydroxyl groups similar to that of estradiol. There are three main classes of phytoestrogens: isoflavones from legumes (soy has highest level of isoflavones); lignans are found in plants with linseed containing the highest levels of lignan plant precursors; and coumestans. Estrogenically active isoflavones and lignans include daidzein, genistein, equol and matairesinol and secoisolariciresinol, respectively. [Med J Australia, August 4, 1997;167:119-120. 28055 (1997)] Summary Interview |
Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris - Folic acid Folic acid 2.5 mg/day, vitamins B6 50 mg/day and vitamin B12 1 mg/day (in case of concurrent methotrexate therapy supplementation with 15 mg of calcium folinate the day after the administration of methotrexate). [J Dermatolog Treat, 2007;18(3):138-46. 45996 (11/2007)] Summary Interview |
Platelet Aggregation - arginine - 35909 Arginine 3-20 gm/d (approximate dosage). [Amino Acids, 2000;18:199-206. 35909 (2000)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Platelet Aggregation - berries - 46352 Berries 1 cup/d (black currants, bilberries, lingonberries and chokeberries, a small amounts of strawberries and raspberries). [Am J Clin Nutr, 2008 Feb;87(2):323-31. 46352 (3/2008)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Platelet Aggregation - omega-3 fatty acids - 47903 Omega-3 fatty acid ethyl esters containing 465 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 375 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (1 capsule) in the morning after breakfast augmented the reduction in platelet aggregation of aspirin and clopidogrel with mild but no additional side effects. [J Am Coll Cardiol, 2010 April 10, 55(16):1671-8. 47903 (5/2010)] Summary Interview PubMed |
| Ginger extract - 120 mg in divided doses with three meals during tube feeding in ARDS patients. [J Crit Care, 2010 Feb 9; [Epub ahead of print]. 47775 (4/2010)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pneumonia - lactobacillus plantarum - 46796 Lactobacillus plantarum 299 (Lp299) x 1010 colony-forming units (CFU) swab to oral mucosa in mechanically ventilated patients. [Critical Care, 2008;12:R136. 46796 (12/2008)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pneumonia - vitamin c - 30783 / 45855 Vitamin C as ascorbic acid .5-2 gm/d in a single dose prevented pneumonia and reduced hospital stay. [Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jan 24;(1): CD005532. 30783 / 45855 (10/2007)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Poisoning (digitalis) - Magnesium Magnesium intravenously. [J Am Coll Nutr, 1994;13(5):496-498. 21220 (1995)] Interview |
Poisoning (organophosphorus insecticides) - MgS04 MgS04 4 gms I.V. in the first 24 hrs along with normal emergency protocols reduced mortality to 0% while the control group mortality was15% and reduced hospital days to 3 instead of 5 in the control group. [Human Exp Toxicol, 2004;23:565-569. 42723 (03/2005)] Summary Interview |
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) - chromium picolinate - 44692 Chromium picolinate 500 mcg b.i.d. with meals. [Fertil Steril, 2006; 86(1):243-6. 44692 (1/2007)] Summary Interview |
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) - folic acid, metformin - 47613 Folic acid at 400 mcg/d with metformin at 1700 mg/d reduced the slight increase in homocysteine levels with metformin alone and maintained the positive effect that metformin has on endothelial function in PCOS subjects. [Diabetes Care, 2009 Nov 23; [Epub ahead of print]. 47613 (01/2010)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) - spearmint tea - 45091 Spearmint tea - A cup spearmint tea (steeped with M. Spicata) twice a day for 5 days during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, showed after 5 days a significant decrease in free testosterone levels. [Phytother Res, 2007 Feb 20; [Epub ahead of print]. 45091 (5/2007)] Summary |
Portal Hypertension - Vitamin A Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension may occur with chronic ingestion of vitamin A at 150 x 106 IU/d. [Am J Med, April 1995;98(4) 424. 22235 (1995)] Interview |
Pre-eclampsia - antioxidants - 21510 Antioxidants - decreased levels of vitamin C, vitamin E and beta-carotene. [Am J Repro Immunol, 1994;32: 221-225. 21510 (1996)] Summary Interview |
Pre-Eclampsia - arginine, vitamin c, vitamin e - 48694 L-arginine 3.5 g, vitamin C 250 mg and vitamin E 200 IU in a medical food bar taken with meals in a single dose. [British Medical Journal, 2011 May 19; [Epub ahead of print]. 48694 (7/2011)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pre-eclampsia - calcium - 23717 Calcium 1.5-2 gm/d for prevention. [Medical Hypothesis, 1995; 45:68-72. 23717 (1995)] Summary Interview |
Pre-eclampsia - calcium - 46928 Calcium from calcium carbonate 500 mg (elemental calcium) per tablet, 2 B.I.D. with meals reduced premature deliveries. Summary – Interview - PubMed - [Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2008;104(1):32-6. 46928 (2/2009)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pre-eclampsia - calcium - 46928 Calcium from calcium carbonate 500 mg (elemental calcium) per tablet, 2 B.I.D. with meals reduced premature deliveries. [Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2008;104(1):32-6. 46928 (2/2009)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pre-eclampsia - coenzyme q10 - 46952 CoQ10 100 mg B.I.D. after breakfast and after dinner starting from week 20 of pregnancy until delivery. [Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2009;105:43-45. 46952 (6/2009)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pre-eclampsia - diet - 22627/25667/29581/20802 Diet - vegetarians and populations that eat fish-based diets have low incidence of preeclampsia. [Hypertension In Pregnancy, 1994;13(1):1-32. 22627, 25667, 29581/20802 (1996)] Summary Interview |
Pre-eclampsia - lipid peroxides - 22627/25667/29581/20802 Lipid peroxides increased in pregnancy-induced hypertension. [Hypertension In Pregnancy, 1994;13(1):1-32. 22627/25667/29581/20802 (1996)] Summary Interview |
Pre-Eclampsia - probiotics - 48864 Yogurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5, Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG or probiotic milk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 at 108 (100 million) probiotic bacteria/mL, which corresponds to ≈ 1.4 x 1010 (14 billion) to 1.6 x 1011 (160 billion) probiotic bacteria per day in subjects consuming one serving of milk or yogurt daily. [American Journal of Epidemiology, Oct 1, 2011;174(7):807-15. 2011. 48864 (10/2011)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pre-eclampsia - selenium - 48166 Selenium 100 mcg per day with meals (selenocysteine). [Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol, 2010;49(2): 181-187. 48166 (12/2010)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pre-eclampsia - vitamin c - 37754A / 40283 / 44234/ 37617 Vitamin C 1000mg/day and vitamin E 400 IU RRR-a-tocopherol/day (reduce risk). [Lancet 1999; 354:810-816/ Acta Paediatr (Suppl), 2001;9492:1-3. 37754A/40283/44234/37617 (2001)] Summary Interview |
Pre-eclampsia - vitamin d - 45850/45157 Vitamin D 1000-2000 IU/d (prevention). [Nutr Rev. 2005 Jul;63(7):225-32. 45850/45157 (9/2006)] Summary Interview |
Pregnancy - homocysteine - 22217 Homocysteine is a valuable screen for folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency. [Am J Hematology, 1995;48:251-255. 22217 (1995)] Interview PubMed |
Pregnancy - DHA, EPA, Salmon - 48957 Salmon two portions per week equaling 1.8 g of combined EPA plus DHA per portion (500 mg/d of omega-3 fatty acids. [Am J Clin Nutr, 2011, 94, 1418-1425. 48957 (12/2011)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pregnancy - diabetes mellitus - vitamin d3 - 48966 Vitamin D3 in serum of pregnant females was inversely related to diabetes type 1 incidence. Development before the age of 15 was more than twofold higher for the offspring of women with the lowest levels of vitamin D compared to the offspring of those with levels above the upper quartile. [Diabetes, January, 2012;61(1):175-8. 48966 (1/2012)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Pregnancy - probiotic - lactobacillus rhamnosus gg - bifidobacterium lactis bb12 - 47769 Probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 at 1010 CFU per day of each strain in capsules given once daily in healthy pregnant females from the first trimester through the end of exclusive breast feeding was safe and reduced the incidence of gestational diabetes. [ Br J Nutr., 2010 Feb 4:1-8. [Epub ahead of print]. 47769 (4/2010)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Premature Delivery - vitamin d - 49003 Hypovitaminosis D in perinatal Japanese females (25-OHD concentration ≤ 20 ng/ml), was found in 85 mothers (89.5%). Serum 25-OHD levels were negatively associated with serum type I collagen NTx and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase. Mothers with threatened premature delivery had significantly lower 25-OHD levels (11.2 ± 3.2 ng/ml) than those in mothers with normal delivery (15.6 ± 5.1 ng/ml). [J Bone Miner Metab, 2011 Sept; 29(5): 615-20. 49003 (2/2012)] Summary Interview PubMed |
Premature Graying - Osteoporosis Osteoporosis was 4½ times more likely in subjects with premature graying. [J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1994;79(3):854-857. 21006 (1996)] Summary Interview |
Premature Infant - Cerebral palsy Cerebral palsy risk is increased. [Pediatrics, February 1995;95(2):263-269. 21802 (1996)] Summary Interview |
Premature Infant - Intestinal permeability Intestinal permeability is increased. [Clinical Pediatrics, June, 1994:325-329. 17930, 20842/20482 (1995)] Summary Interview |
Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes (PROM) - Beta-carotene and vitamin C Beta-carotene and vitamin C may be of benefit in prevention of PROM, especially in smokers. Premenstrual Syndrome [Intern J Vitamin Nutr Res, 1994;64:192-197. 21209 (1996)] Summary Interview |
Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes (PROM) - Kami-shoyo-san Kami-shoyo-san (TJ-24) (Japanese herbal medicine) 2.5 gms t.i.d. x 6 menstrual cycles. [J Clin Psychopharmacol, August 2002;22(4):442. 39851 (2002)] Summary Interview |
Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes (PROM) - Vegan diet Vegan diet - whole grains, vegetables, fruits and legumes (omitted nuts and seeds) and kept oils to a minimum with a multivitamin with adequate B12. [Obstet Gynecol 2000;95:245-250. 34237 (2000)] Summary Interview |
Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes (PROM) - Vitex agnus castu Vitex agnus castus (Chasteberry, Chaste tree berry, Monk’s pepper or Vitex) 40 mg q.d. - b.i.d. (especially for symptoms of mastodynia). [J Women’s Health Gender-Based Med, 2000;9(3):315-320. 35160 (2000)] Summary |
| Hospital costs may be reduce from complications of medications and infections. [Gut, 1998;42:2-7. 29564 (1998)] Summary |
| Diet - protective effect from consumption of carrots, tomatoes, fresh fruit and, to a lesser extent, green vegetables. These foods are sources of carotenoids, vitamins C and E. [Br J Dermatol,1996;34:101-106. 24166 (1997)] Summary Interview |
| Folic acid 2.5 mg/day, vitamins B6 50 mg/day and vitamin B12 1 mg/day (in case of concurrent methotrexate therapy supplementation with 15 mg of calcium folinate the day after the administration of methotrexate). [J Dermatolog Treat, 2007;18(3):138-46. 44991/45996 (11/2007)] Summary Interview |
| Vitamin D - low serum levels are a risk factor. [Br J Dermatol,1996;34:101-106. 24166 (1997)] Summary Interview |
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