Expert Pearls
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Depression - aerobic exercise - 22928 Aerobic exercise and fitness reduces depression. [Arch Physical Med Rehab, 1995;76:647-652. 22928 (1996)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - aerobic exercise - 33547 Aerobic exercise (e.g., walking, jogging and biking), 3 times per week for 30 minutes per session at an intensity of 70% to 85% of their maximum heart rate reserve. [Arch Intern Med 1999;159.2349-2356. 33547 (2000)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - aerobic exercise - 34749/23164 Aerobic exercise 2 to 5 times per week with a duration of 30 to 40 minutes, including 10 minutes of warm-ups (including stretching) and cool down at each session. The exercise should be performed at 60% to 70% of the maximal intensity. [The Physician Sports Med, September 1995;23(9):44-56. 34749/23164 (1996)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - aerobic exercise - 37328 Aerobic exercise training consisting of walking on a treadmill daily for 30 minutes at 80% of one’s maximal heart rate followed by interval training x 10 days improved mood. [Br J Sports Med, 2001;35:114-117. 37328 (2001)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - aerobic training - 37328 Aerobic training - walking on a treadmill daily 30 min/d followed by interval training program (80 percent of the maximal heart rate). [Br J Sports Med, 2001;35:114-117. 37328 (2001)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - bipolar - omega-3 fatty acids - 46950 Omega-3 fatty acids EPA 360 mg/day and DHA 1560 mg/day in divided doses with food a.m. and p.m.. [Eur J Clin Nutr, 2009 Jan 21; [Epub ahead of print]. 46950 (6/2009)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - bipolar disorder, dha, epa, lna - 48880 Omega-3 fatty acids up to DHA 3.4g, EPA 6.2mg, α-LNA 6.6g or as little as 3g-4g (2-4 capsules) per day. [The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2011 Aug 9 [Epub ahead of print]. 48880 (11/2011)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - cholesterol levels - 33674 Cholesterol levels naturally low (<5 mmol/l), not pharmacologically reduced, were associated with depression and suicide. [Br J Psychiatry 1999;175: 259-262. 33674 (2000)] Summary Interview PubMed |
| Diet - eliminate caffeine, sucrose and eat a higher protein and lower carbohydrate diet x 2 weeks. [The Nutrition Report, March 1991;9(3):17,24. 12081 (1996)] Summary Interview |
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Depression - eicosapentaenoic acid - 44637 Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) - 1 gm/d. [Prev Med, 2006 Jan;42(1):4-13. Epub 2005 Dec 7. 44637 (12/2006)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - eicosapentaenoic acid - 45042 Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) - 2 gm/d (adults). [Am J Psychiatry, 2006 Jun;163(6): 1098-1100. 45042 (7/006)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - eicosapentaenoic acid / docosahexaenoic acid - 44385/45042 Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (EPA/DHA 2:1) - 1 gm/d (children). [Am J Psychiatry, 2006 Jun;163(6):1098-100. 44385/45042 (7/006)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - fatty acids - 24849 Fatty acids - severity of depression was correlate with an increased ratio of arachidonic acid (AA) to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the plasma and erythrocytes. [Lipids, 1996(Supp.):31:S-157- S-161. 24849 (1996)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - folic acid - 44283/44868 Folic acid 5 mg/d x 2 months. [Clin Nutr, 2006 Feb;25(1):60-7. Epub 2005 Oct 10. 44283/44868 (6/2006)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - folic acid serum - 44283/44868 Folic acid serum < 3.1 ng/ml. [Clin Nutr, 2006 Feb;25(1):60-7. Epub 2005 Oct 10. 44283/44868 (6/2006)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - hypericum extract - 33969 Hypericum extract 350 mg (STEI 300 extract) equivalent to 2 gm of dried herb at 6 gms/d (1050 mg/d). [BMJ December 11, 1999;319:1534-1539. 33969 (2000)] Summary Interview PubMed |
| Inositol 6-12 gm/d of oral powder mixed in juice. [Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 1995;31:167-175. 23703 (1995)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - klamath microalgae extract - 48291 Klamath microalgae extract, Klamin® 1 tablet (800 mg) 1 hour after breakfast and 1 tablet an hour before dinner in menopausal women. [Minerva Ginecol, 2010;62(5):381-8. 48291 (11/2010)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - menopausal - melatonin - 38002/44837 Melatonin 3 mg qhs 10-11 p.m.. [Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2005 Dec;1057:393-402. 38002/44837 (6/2006)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - omega-3 fatty acids - 44481/45041 Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA>DHA) 1 gm/d. [Am J Psychiatry, 2006 Jun;163(6): 96978. 44481/45041 (8/2006)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - omega-6:omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids - 24849 Omega-6:omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the Western diet is between 10 - 20:1 may increase risk to depression compared with estimates of about 1:1 in the diet of our hunter-gatherer ancestors. [Lipids, 1996(Supp.): 31:S-157- S-161. 24849 (1996)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - processed food - 47563 Whole food diets containing large amounts of vegetables, fruits and fish reduced the incidence of depression while processed food diets containing large amounts of sweetened desserts, fried foods,processed meat, refined grains and high-fat dairy products increased the risk to depression. [Br J Psychiatry, 2009; 195(5): 408-13. 47563 (1/2010)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - s-adenosyl-l-methionine - 42868 S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAMe) 800-1600 mg/d. [J Clin Psychopharmacol, December 2004;24(6):661-664. 42868 (04/2005)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - st. john's wort - 43182 St. John's Wort Extract WS® 5570 (hypericum extract (LI160); standardized to 3-6% hyperforin and 0.12-0.28 % hypericin) 900-1800 mg/d. [BMJ, March 5, 2005;330:503-506. 43182 (6/2005)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - st. john’s wort - 38145 St. John’s Wort - 2 x 1 tablet of 250 mg St. John’s Wort extract Ze 117 daily (ethanol 50% (m/m);drug-extract ratio 4-7:1; 0.2% total hypericin;<1% hyperforin). [Pharmacopsychiatry, 2001;34(Suppl 1):S49-S50. 38145 (2002)] Summary Interview |
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Depression - st. john’s wort - 46729 St. John’s Wort extract 500-900 mg/d (up to 1800 mg/d) benefits major depression. [Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2008 Oct 8;(4):CD000448. 46729 (10/2008)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - vitamin b12 - 28725 Vitamin B12 normal ranges should be 600 to 2000 pg/ml. Below 550 to 600 pg/ml deficiencies start to appear in the CSF. Humans are born with serum levels of about 2000 pg/ml, which decline gradually throughout life. [Medical Hypotheses, 1991;34:131-140. 28725 (1998)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - vitamin b12 - 35168 Vitamin B12 deficiency - higher methylmalonic acid (MMA; more than 271 nmol/L) in combination with low serum vitamin B12 levels (less than 258 pmol/L for a high cut-off and more than 148 pmol/L for a low cut off) associated with depression. [Am J Psychiatry, 2000;157;715-721. 35168 (2000)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - vitamin b12 - 35168 Vitamin B12 500-1000 mcg/d orally. [Am J Psychiatry, 2000;157:715-721. 35168 (2000)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - vitamin b12 - 44283/44868 Vitamin B12 1000 mcg/d IM x two weeks; t.i.w. x 2 weeks; weekly x 4 weeks; then 1000 to 2000 mcg/ day orally. [Clin Nutr, 2006 Feb;25(1):60-7. Epub 2005 Oct 10. 37838, 44283/44868 (6/2006)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - vitamin b12 - 44868 Vitamin B12 serum < 200 pg/ml. [Clin Nutr, 2006 Feb;25(1):60-7. Epub 2005 Oct 10. 44868 (6/2006)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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Depression - vitamin d3 - 46728 Vitamin D3 20,000 - 40,000 IU/week by mouth. [J Intern Med, Sept 2008; [Epub ahead of print]. 46728 (11/2008)] Summary Interview PubMed |
| Zinc 25 mg (hydroaspartate) after breakfast improved response in imipramine resistant patients. [J Affect Disord, 2009 March 9; [Epub ahead of print]. 47058 (6/2009)] Summary Interview PubMed |
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